从容
发表于 2025-3-25 07:07:38
Vocational Education Between Paternalism, Militarism, and the Pedagogical Reform Movement (1913–1922val warlords and political factions also impeded nationwide reforms and politicized educational discourses. Before and during World War I, China and Germany witnessed a national mobilization in a broader sense, defined by John Horne as “the engagement of the different belligerent nations in their wa
FLIRT
发表于 2025-3-25 10:13:32
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PTCA635
发表于 2025-3-25 12:13:56
Tongji University and Its Foreman Schoolhat started as a practical training course for skilled mechanical workers grew into an all-round vocational school for foremen, fitters, and overseers (., and .). The commitment of the German government contributed to the school’s thriving, but it was an active community of Chinese actors that ensur
LITHE
发表于 2025-3-25 18:04:57
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边缘带来墨水
发表于 2025-3-25 21:46:47
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Morbid
发表于 2025-3-26 00:24:26
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合乎习俗
发表于 2025-3-26 08:16:21
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学术讨论会
发表于 2025-3-26 09:48:54
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甜瓜
发表于 2025-3-26 13:00:11
Introduction, between state and citizen, and the causes of social inequalities. At the core of these issues was the question of whether manual labor was a necessary evil or a virtue. Were vocational skills simply a means of earning daily bread, or would a handicraft also cultivate the productive minds of elites?
Feckless
发表于 2025-3-26 18:20:17
Fast Forward to a Pedagogical Century,ro-American empires this has mostly been part of a postcolonial endeavor to unmask power imbalances and to reinvestigate indigenous agency. Despite similarities and interwoven educational discourses, China, with its Confucian traditions of education and its limited exposure to colonial rule, defies