意外
发表于 2025-3-26 23:12:08
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8923-9o stem from the early 19th century, and basically arose out of dissatisfaction with the existing systems of measure and value, where tradesmen were paid directly by the client for work as it proceeded. Powell, quoting Elsam (1826), writes that:
OREX
发表于 2025-3-27 05:02:09
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蕨类
发表于 2025-3-27 09:18:09
,Estimating and Tendering — Some Contextual Factors,refore obvious that, for a construction company to thrive, it must have the ability to forecast the likely cost of proposed construction work, and thus at least be able to establish a baseline figure from which a price can be quoted to the client.
付出
发表于 2025-3-27 12:09:19
The Estimating Process,ractors, with price usually playing a major part in the selection of the contractor eventually chosen to carry out the work. Contractors therefore need some reliable method of forecasting prices, and therefore likely costs, for future construction work.
CHAR
发表于 2025-3-27 16:55:30
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Obituary
发表于 2025-3-27 20:19:29
Subcontractors,and greater degree of specialisation. It is therefore highly unlikely that any one main contractor will have either the necessary skills or the necessary resources to do all of the work on a project itself, and it is common for sections of the work to be sublet to other specialists.
WITH
发表于 2025-3-28 01:56:36
Overheads, Profit and Project Financing,o the project. Specifically it needs to know about its indirect costs; the costs of operating the business and providing the necessary finance to remain solvent, and also about the costs of any supplementary finance required for the particular project.
TOXIN
发表于 2025-3-28 02:34:09
Bidding Strategies,s the risks of the construction market-place, the decisions the contractor must take when tendering in competition, and the techniques available to contractors in the assessment of their mark-up in formulating their bid price.
沉默
发表于 2025-3-28 07:51:43
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你敢命令
发表于 2025-3-28 12:07:04
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