dendrites 发表于 2025-3-25 03:59:41
Innovation under the threat of stricter environmental standardsemission-abatement subsidies, direct regulation through technical standards and tradeable permits . Little attention has been given so far to the . of environmental regulation. In a recent paper, Glazer and McMillan (1992) argue, however, that “Regulation does not alwaystransdermal 发表于 2025-3-25 11:02:19
Environmental innovation, spillovers and optimal policy rulesstant. Then once environmental policy is introduced, firms either reduce their output or engage in abatement which mainly represents end-of-pipe emissions reduction (e.g., Keeler, Spence and Zeckhauser, 1971; Baumol and Oates, 1988; Barnett, 1980). Recently, however, increasing attention has been di书法 发表于 2025-3-25 14:09:54
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8642-9environment; environmental policy; productionesculent 发表于 2025-3-26 01:11:43
,Now You See Me. Now You Don’t.,ting environmental externalities. Emission taxes internalize the external damages associated with polluting activities. The internalization is complete when the fees equal the marginal external damages of pollution, such as in the case of Pigouvian taxes. It has been shown, however, that the sociall压碎 发表于 2025-3-26 07:05:23
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A. G. Eguiluz,A. A. Maradudin,R. J. Elliottve multiplied, environmental issues have played an increasing role in trade negotiations. Negotiating environmental regulations mutilaterally is especially problematic because of differences in preferences, in income levels or in production cost across countries. In addition, environmental consideraROOF 发表于 2025-3-26 20:03:40
Extending ABAP Development Tools,t expenditures are likely to affect production costs and prices of many products will increase, especially for those products that involve a relatively pollution intensive production process. The result of an enforcement of the national environmental policy will be the loss in international competit