大都市 发表于 2025-3-25 03:30:36
Foreign Assistance, Debt and Developmentth parents. The gonads must produce the . in processes subsumed under the term . which occurs as . in females and . in males. In the female gonad, the ., oogenesis provides the egg cells, and in the male gonad, the testis, spermatogenesis supplies sperms. Details of oogenesis and spermatogenesis are龙卷风 发表于 2025-3-25 08:49:54
Development and Underdevelopmentstandstill in a stage of quiescence). Life is a continuing process that started some billions of years ago below the level of multicellularity and will end with the death of the last living being. Nevertheless, each individual life that is based on sexual reproduction has two discrete boundaries: feChameleon 发表于 2025-3-25 15:16:57
http://reply.papertrans.cn/27/2700/269928/269928_23.pngDetain 发表于 2025-3-25 16:44:21
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15875-1in the laboratory. From the Ancient World (Aristotle, Box1.1) up to the eighteenth century incubated chick eggs were the gold standard for animal development; since 1900 amphibians took over this position. The modified development of reptiles, birds and mammals can be deduced readily from the amphib价值在贬值 发表于 2025-3-25 20:35:40
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38352-7utual agreements are necessary. Controlling cells, for example organizing centres in early embryos, must emit .. In order to respond to the signals cells must have the correct equipment including receptors and downstream intracellular signalling systems, which are cell-type specific.虚构的东西 发表于 2025-3-26 08:30:16
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Development and Underdevelopmentappear. These cells in turn create associations of cells serving a common function. Such morphological and functional units are called a . if they are composed of one or a few cell types; they are called . if they are composed of diverse cell types and their functional role in the commission of theCriteria 发表于 2025-3-26 18:21:32
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06713-8ts. In a translucent fish embryo migratory cells can be seen crawling and swarming. In avian and mammalian blastodiscs the cells of the meso.. do not form a ‘skin’ (Greek . = skin) or a coherent germ ‘layer’; instead the mesodermal cells creep around like amoebae to colonize the spaces between the e