slow-wave-sleep
发表于 2025-3-27 00:44:53
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gospel
发表于 2025-3-27 02:12:06
,Currency and Currency Problems in Imperial Madagascar, 1820–1895,coinage dominated commercial transactions, although counterfeiting and disruptions to trade caused major problems that remained unresolved up to the French conquest of the island in 1895. This chapter demonstrates that currency issues formed a core reason for the failure of indigenous authorities to retain independence.
Eeg332
发表于 2025-3-27 07:17:01
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orient
发表于 2025-3-27 10:01:06
Introduction: The Indian Ocean World Currency System,moral economy of market actors throughout this macro-region. This moral economy delimitated the social obligations inherent in commercial relations, including those between sovereigns and their subjects. Communities throughout this macro-region generally accepted that sovereign states had the exclus
用树皮
发表于 2025-3-27 13:48:22
,Indian Kingdoms 1200–1500 and the Maritime Trade in Monetary Commodities,s (gold, silver, copper) and cowry shells. Noting the Indian subcontinent’s tremendous political, cultural and economic diversity prior to 1500, the study analyses the monetary experiences of different regions and their relative demand for monetary commodities. These needs were met through the inter
Angioplasty
发表于 2025-3-27 19:56:12
What East Africans Got for Their Ivory and Slaves: The Nature, Working and Circulation of Commodity East African economies through the import of new goods: glass beads, cowrie shells, imported cloth and metal wires started to be invested with new exchange value and emerged as new currencies. The adoption of imported currencies throughout the Zanzibar commercial hinterland facilitated transactions
狗窝
发表于 2025-3-28 00:08:05
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泛滥
发表于 2025-3-28 03:20:45
,Currency as Commodity, as Symbol of Sovereignty and as Subject of Legal Dispute: Henri Greffülhe any the French merchant Henri Greffülhe, these coins became the subject of a legal dispute involving Great Britain which was settled by international arbitration. Eagleton argues that these coins are more than just a numismatic curiosity and that this case study can be a way of understanding changing
火车车轮
发表于 2025-3-28 07:54:38
,The Circulation of Modern Currencies and the Impoverishment of the Red Sea World, 1882–2010,rom the late nineteenth century, communities throughout the region were being pushed into a cycle of poverty that weakened their resistance to imperial innovations and compelled them to abandon pre-colonial practices. By the end of the First World War, many had been forced into the money economy. Un
Solace
发表于 2025-3-28 11:50:07
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