gingerly 发表于 2025-3-21 18:49:38
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0839-9COPD; Smoking; Systemic Inflammation; Protease; Anti-Protease; Exercise Therapy; Nutritional Therapy; Home嘲笑 发表于 2025-3-22 01:51:43
978-981-10-9266-4Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2017不来 发表于 2025-3-22 05:43:15
Reflux Aspiration and Lung Diseasenced chronic inflammatory response evoked by the presence of noxious particles or gases in the airways. The progression of airflow limitation has a tremendous impact on disease severity and overall prognosis. However, other factors, such as symptoms, exacerbations, or comorbidities, also have a cons不能和解 发表于 2025-3-22 12:27:23
Reflux Aspiration and Cystic Fibrosis many cases of COPD are caused by heavy cigarette smoking. However, besides cigarette smoking, occupational exposure to airborne particulates and pollutants are also known to be risk factors for developing COPD. Particularly, the indoor use of biomass fuel has been pointed out as one of the major riConjuction 发表于 2025-3-22 15:17:51
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S. Müller-Lissner,M. Starlinger,H. R. Koelz structural cellular changes contribute to mucus hypersecretion and destruction of the alveolar walls and a decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV.). At the cellular level, macrophages, T lymphocytes, and neutrophils, driven by cytokines including interleukin-8 (IL-8), gather on thearcane 发表于 2025-3-22 22:44:11
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