FOR
发表于 2025-3-23 11:48:52
Burn Injury and Treatment Painainful of injuries, and treatment procedures can be extremely aversive as well. Unfortunately, the signal function of acute pain, that of motivating adaptive avoidance behavior, may interfere with adaptation to debridement and other therapies aimed at facilitating skin healing and minimizing difficu
Orthodontics
发表于 2025-3-23 17:44:40
Chronic and Recurrent Pain: Hemophilia, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Sickle Cell Disease to produce differential levels of pain perception and verbal and nonverbal manifestations (Varni, 1983). In marked contrast to the rather extensive literature on adult chronic pain assessment and management, the systematic investigation of pediatric chronic and recurrent pain from a cog-nitive-biob
制定
发表于 2025-3-23 20:43:59
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推崇
发表于 2025-3-24 00:43:34
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mosque
发表于 2025-3-24 02:24:27
Helping Children Cope With Painful Medical Proceduresuch damage” (International Association for the Study of Pain, Subcommittee on Taxonomy, 1979). This definition clearly fits the situation discussed in this chapter, pain caused to children by various types of intrusive medical and dental procedures.
Inkling
发表于 2025-3-24 06:36:09
Afterword Future Pain Horizons: The Other Side of Painnd pain behaviors as changing aspects of individuals’ abilities to communicate their experiences. Pain is not simply a precursor or by-product of illness or injury, it is a phenomenon guided by the capacities of individuals and modified by the life experiences and support systems provided by their e
indenture
发表于 2025-3-24 14:04:44
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Largess
发表于 2025-3-24 16:40:56
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易弯曲
发表于 2025-3-24 19:36:37
Chris Chapman,Elea McDonnell Feit(Melzack & Torgerson, 1971). Pain is difficult to study even in adults, who experience few changes in sensory, affective, and perceptual functioning. Pain is subjective in nature and can be observed only through verbal descriptions of the sufferer and a limited number of nonverbal responses (Beyer, DeGood, Ashley, & Russell, 1983).
STEER
发表于 2025-3-24 23:44:52
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