Provenance 发表于 2025-3-27 00:21:01
Manifolds,n physics. Indeed, the topological and analytic structure is uniquely defined from a neighborhood of the origin alone. Manifold, on the one hand, is a generalization of metrizable vector space, maintaining only the local structure of the latter. On the other hand, every manifold can be considered asSSRIS 发表于 2025-3-27 03:09:52
Bundles and Connections, In order to glue together these quite simple local patches, in addition to the topology a differentiable structure (pseudo-group, complete atlas) of transition functions . was introduced which allowed to develop an analysis on manifolds. Globally, however, manifolds may be very complex. Fiber bundlstressors 发表于 2025-3-27 07:32:49
Parallelism, Holonomy, Homotopy and (Co)homology,c phases which vastly emerges from the notion of the Aharonov–Bohm phase and later more generally from the notion of a Berry phase and even penetrates chemistry and nuclear chemistry. The central notion in these applications is holonomy. Since holonomy is based on lifts of integral curves of tangent控制 发表于 2025-3-27 09:52:31
http://reply.papertrans.cn/93/9265/926497/926497_34.png纪念 发表于 2025-3-27 14:15:53
Book 2011ically with applications in physics in mind. All basic concepts are systematically provided including sketches of the proofs of most statements. Smooth finite-dimensional manifolds, tensor and exterior calculus operating on them, homotopy, (co)homology theory including Morse theory of critical pointbadinage 发表于 2025-3-27 19:04:48
Manifolds, generalization of metrizable vector space, maintaining only the local structure of the latter. On the other hand, every manifold can be considered as a (in general non-linear) subset of some vector space.