轻快来事
发表于 2025-3-25 06:00:56
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BLUSH
发表于 2025-3-25 08:45:20
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-0155-4Wirbelsäulenchirurgie; head; instability; spinal cord; spinal surgery; spine; spine surgery; surgery
ORBIT
发表于 2025-3-25 15:11:47
Transoral Approach to C1-2,Preoperative preparation of the patient should include oral and nasal cultures. Preoperative antiseptic gargles and tetracycline, which were used in the past,. are not needed. No special antibiotic coverage is used for normal oral flora.. Standard prophylactic antibiotics are used.
反叛者
发表于 2025-3-25 18:27:24
Anterior Medial Approach to C1,2,3,The standard approach is from the left side to avoid the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Rotate the head to the right and inflate the cervical pillow to support the head and neck. The necessity for intraoperative traction is determined by the pathologic lesion. When necessary use Gardner Wells tong traction, rather than the halter.
宪法没有
发表于 2025-3-25 22:12:52
Anterior Lateral Approach to the Upper Cervical Spine,This approach is medial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, and lateral to the carotid sheath. For approaches to C1,2, and 3, in which the head should not be turned or rotated, and for surgeons who do not feel comfortable with the neurovascular structures medial to the carotid sheath, this approach offers a relatively bloodless field.
caldron
发表于 2025-3-26 02:32:09
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橡子
发表于 2025-3-26 06:57:40
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小淡水鱼
发表于 2025-3-26 08:27:29
Lincoln Highway Approach to the Cervical Spine,Occasionally the need arises for maximally expanded exposure of the cervical spine. For exposure of multilevel anterior cervical disease from CI to T2,. Riley expanded the basic anterior medial Robinson approach. Various aspects of the approach, seen in Chapters 3, S, and 8, are combined into one extensive exposure.
指耕作
发表于 2025-3-26 16:37:23
Thoracotomy Approach,Use the standard thoracotomy approach for safe exposure of vertebral levels T2– L2. Proper rib selection depends on the pathology for the vast majority of cases, especially those involving a strut graft. The rib to resect for a certain vertebral level is chosen by one of two methods:
可以任性
发表于 2025-3-26 19:07:35
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