Nonconformist 发表于 2025-4-1 02:05:37
Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders in the Surgical Patientl procedures are being developed, older procedures are becoming more intricate, and the number of the so-called high-risk patients receiving surgery is increasing. These high-risk patients include individuals with preexisting renal and cardiac abnormalities. Consequently, the chances of witnessing r执 发表于 2025-4-1 09:26:45
http://reply.papertrans.cn/89/8817/881673/881673_62.png规章 发表于 2025-4-1 13:18:30
Acute Renal Failureous waste products (BUN and serum creatinine). Although ARF may accompany a number of specific diseases and disorders, most commonly it results from an ischemic insult, often in association with a nephrotoxic drug that profoundly disrupts tubular cell function and structure. ARF is a common disorder