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Data Presentation — Quantitative Dataarose from a nominal measuring scale. Although nominal (i.e. qualitative) data often occurs in business and economics, more common is quantitative data, arising from the use of ordinal and interval/ratio measuring scales. In this chapter we will discuss methods of presenting such data in ways which
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An Introduction to Probability Theoryry measures of location and dispersion. In descriptive statistics no attempt is made to generalise from any particular sample of data to draw wider implications about the population from which the sample was taken.
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Continuous Probability Distributionsa . number of numeric values. In this chapter, we turn to consideration of continuous random variables and their probability distributions. As we have already noted, a continuous random variable is one which can take an uncountable or infinite number of numeric values.
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Introduction to Statistical Inferencend summarise the data on some variable so that its principal features can be more readily identified. The three features which we find most useful for summarising data are: a measure of location (for example, the arithmetic mean); a measure of dispersion (typically the standard deviation or variance
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Sampling Distribution of Sample Statisticso as the sampling distribution of sample statistics. To illustrate the idea of a sampling distribution, consider the example of the distribution of the variable ., which measures the expenditure by customers in a supermarket, so that . measures the expenditure of the .th customer. Suppose we are int
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