Coronary
发表于 2025-3-23 11:05:53
,Research, Invention and Innovation: Social and Technological—What Do They Mean?,pes and levels of the various activities in Africa, and to place the subject of research and innovation into context. It discusses the interplay between social and technological innovations with a view to understanding the nature and dominant type(s) of innovation in Africa. It suggests that the pre
记忆法
发表于 2025-3-23 16:49:08
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PHIL
发表于 2025-3-23 20:05:45
Human, Institutional and Financial Resources, and Partnerships,r emphasizes the importance of strong research and innovation institutions that are supported with sustainable funding. It also addresses the need for a concerted human resource development that utilizes available capacity (capacity utilization) while building more capacity on the continent. Some in
Euthyroid
发表于 2025-3-23 23:41:11
African Traditional Knowledge, Other Technologies and Emerging Areas,ortance to Africa and its leaders. TAM is an important and unique source of innovations in Africa, yet it suffers from a lack of investment and research to generate evidence for its use to be widely scaled up and recognized locally and internationally. Most of the R&D challenges and opportunities id
我不死扛
发表于 2025-3-24 03:18:34
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CESS
发表于 2025-3-24 08:42:36
Manufacturing in Africa,strialization, with an emphasis on pharmaceutical manufacturing—its history, current situation, challenges and outlook for the future. It also touches on medical devices and vaccines, and the importance of manufacturing for sustainable healthcare delivery and trade in Africa, especially in the conte
猛然一拉
发表于 2025-3-24 11:55:03
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congenial
发表于 2025-3-24 18:12:32
COVID-19 Pandemic, Leadership and Ownership of Innovation in Africa,oned globalization and unleased the power of innovation in the search for remedies for the disease in different countries. The lessons learned so far drive home some of the messages in this book for African countries, to invest in practical and sustainable ways of addressing their needs. The chapter
Feigned
发表于 2025-3-24 19:54:42
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Fallibility
发表于 2025-3-25 03:07:33
COVID-19 Pandemic, Leadership and Ownership of Innovation in Africa,nd political commitments toward this goal. It makes the case that African innovation will not be sustainable if it depends largely on external, short-term and fragmented sources of financing. A summary of some pan-African initiatives coordinating research and innovation is presented.