CHAR
发表于 2025-3-25 06:46:18
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magenta
发表于 2025-3-25 09:51:55
Demographic Changes and the Pension Problem: evidence from twelve countries,is has led to a heated debate with demography in the foreground, and to numerous and controversial reform proposals. This chapter reports on an international comparative study carried out at IIASA which addresses the major demographic aspects of the pension problem in a systematic way. Is ageing cer
propose
发表于 2025-3-25 12:22:57
Demographic Changes and Economic Growth in Pension Systems: the case of Sweden,nd of providing for old age when the ability to work is low or non-existent. Other chapters deal primarily with the question of how different pension systems will be affected by those demographic changes which are expected to occur up until the middle of the next century. The reason for focusing on
CESS
发表于 2025-3-25 16:29:50
Changing Family Structure and an Emancipatory Pension Policy: the case of Austria,rity and particularly pension provisions exist. In societies which lack collective systems to provide for retirement, people are dependent on their offspring for old age security. In such societies, old age security is recognized as one of the motives for having children (Joshi, 1991). As a conseque
amputation
发表于 2025-3-25 21:10:01
Conclusions and Evaluation,expenditures has attracted most attention in recent years. An important factor here is the marked age-dependency of social expenditures. Although an ageing population may have implications for aspects such as economic growth, aggregate demand, the labour force, and income distribution, the problem o
Coordinate
发表于 2025-3-26 02:12:20
Demographic Changes and the Pension Problem: evidence from twelve countries,riable? Would a saving-type pension system perform better than the existing pay-as-you-go? What can be gained from burden-sharing between actives and retirees? Is an increase in productivity the miracle solution? These are the main questions to which quantitative answers are given.
seduce
发表于 2025-3-26 06:49:58
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柔声地说
发表于 2025-3-26 10:53:20
The Concept of the Behavioral Mechanism in Languager both the contributors and recipients have done their major work, so that one can do the analysis with the required cool calculating gaze that yields objective conclusions. We cannot indulge in that luxury in psychology, however. Psychologists, it is said, unlike scientists in the physical sciences
alabaster
发表于 2025-3-26 13:42:13
Network Virtualization Technologies and Techniques,ss virtualization. More specifically, recent developments in software-defined networking (SDN) technologies are presented. Overall, SDN concepts are used to relocate functionalities from hardware into software by providing configurable interfaces. This increases the programmability of the hardware a
违反
发表于 2025-3-26 20:52:17
Exceedance Probabilities Under Various Combinations of Rare Eventslity including the upper and the lower bounds corresponding to special occurrence properties of elementary events such as ‘always on’ and nearly ‘always off’ are discussed. Several remarks on numerical issues concerning the calculation of the convolution integrals appearing in the load combination methods are presented as well.