separate
发表于 2025-3-23 13:09:17
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枯燥
发表于 2025-3-23 14:18:24
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打算
发表于 2025-3-23 20:12:23
Introduction and Basic Risk Models, This book develops an answer based on the following ideas. A . describes the potential for a hazard — the source of the risk — to adversely affect the health of those exposed to it. Not all of the possible health outcomes are equally valued. A health risk increases the probabilities of some of the
elucidate
发表于 2025-3-24 01:45:50
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神刊
发表于 2025-3-24 04:35:52
Statistical Risk Modeling,exposures and covariates. Rather than attempting to describe or simulate the detailed causal and biological processes that lead from exposure to response probabilities within an individual, statistical risk modeling relies on observed data relating exposures, covariates, and responses at the level o
拱形大桥
发表于 2025-3-24 10:20:36
Causality,ures, then the answers provide a basis for choosing among different risk management actions that affect or constrain exposures. More generally, risk assessment deals with the causal link between actions and their probable consequences. Therefore, techniques for modeling such causal relations are cru
Heterodoxy
发表于 2025-3-24 14:01:38
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semble
发表于 2025-3-24 15:41:53
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dysphagia
发表于 2025-3-24 21:57:42
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哪有黄油
发表于 2025-3-25 01:44:33
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