音的强弱 发表于 2025-3-25 04:25:54

Formal Construction,ct. ., we have required . modular invariance in the sixteen internal and the ten dimensional spacetime dimensions. This yielded E. ×E. and SO(32) heterotic strings. If we relax this to be invariance in the ., we may have a more general theory.

browbeat 发表于 2025-3-25 08:46:46

Interactions on Orbifolds,string theory, we can not only obtain the spectrum but also calculate interaction operator. It turns out that many stringy effects can enhance or suppress the interaction. Stringy selection rules forbid some couplings, and they provide origin of symmetries in the field theory.

construct 发表于 2025-3-25 11:57:14

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物种起源 发表于 2025-3-25 17:21:58

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怪物 发表于 2025-3-25 21:45:51

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Eosinophils 发表于 2025-3-26 02:20:49

Introduction and Summary,lmination of quantum field theory in all its full glory. The beginning of this successful particle physics era was opened with the unexpected discovery of . in weak interaction phenomena and the Brout–Englert–Higgs–Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble particle (the Higgs boson in short) closed the discovery series of the SM particles in 2012.

MAUVE 发表于 2025-3-26 07:03:12

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具体 发表于 2025-3-26 10:09:49

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lymphedema 发表于 2025-3-26 15:48:52

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种属关系 发表于 2025-3-26 19:54:49

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查看完整版本: Titlebook: Quarks and Leptons From Orbifolded Superstring; Kang-Sin Choi,Jihn E. Kim Book 2020Latest edition Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 orbi