Conjuction
发表于 2025-3-26 22:33:12
Gapped Quantum Systems and Entanglement Area Lawk about the physical properties of these quantum many-body systems in the thermodynamic limit. Our main focus in this chapter will be many-body systems with an energy gap and the entanglement properties of their ground states. We introduce the entanglement area law and its constant correction—the to
不可知论
发表于 2025-3-27 03:43:09
Introduction to Topological Orderthan four states of matter. For example, there are ferromagnetic states as revealed by the phenomenon of magnetization and superfluid states as defined by the phenomenon of zero-viscosity. The various phases in our colorful world are extremely rich. So it is amazing that they can be understood syste
过于光泽
发表于 2025-3-27 08:53:22
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LUMEN
发表于 2025-3-27 09:34:53
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Charitable
发表于 2025-3-27 15:57:21
Tensor Product States and 2D Gapped Phasesways, like satisfying the entanglement area law and having a projected entangled pair interpretation. However, it is also different from matrix product states in that it represents not only states with short-range entanglement but topologically ordered states with long-range entanglement as well. In
enterprise
发表于 2025-3-27 19:20:52
Symmetry-Protected Topological Phasescertain symmetry is required, they break into different phases. First of all, the symmetry can be spontaneously broken in the ground state leading to symmetry-breaking phases. Even when the ground state remains symmetric, there can be different symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases, whose nont
caldron
发表于 2025-3-27 23:05:48
A Unification of Information and Matterof long-range quantum entanglement and the discovery of related mathematical theories (such as tensor category theory), a systematic understanding of all gapped states in any dimensions is emerging, which include topological orders and SPT orders. However, our understanding of highly entangled gaple
娴熟
发表于 2025-3-28 02:15:29
2364-9054 een the language of quantum information science and modern c.This book approaches condensed matter physics from the perspective of quantum information science, focusing on systems with strong interaction and unconventional order for which the usual condensed matter methods like the Landau paradigm o
adduction
发表于 2025-3-28 06:44:15
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Inferior
发表于 2025-3-28 10:24:25
Correlation and Entanglementformation theory. This builds a framework that allows us to look at the theory of a new concept, called quantum entanglement, which serves as a fundamental object that we use to develop new theories for topological phase of matter later in this book.