Hallucination 发表于 2025-3-21 17:19:05

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无能力 发表于 2025-3-21 23:03:06

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delusion 发表于 2025-3-22 00:37:17

Conditioning and Martingales,ility of . given (or, equivalently, “conditioned on”) B”. The words “given . ” imply prior knowledge of the fact that the sample point ω lies in . It is then natural to consider the reduced probability space (Ω, ., .) with Ω. = . = A∩B . ∈ . (the “trace σ-field”), .(C) = P(C)/P(B) for . ∈ ., and def

闪光你我 发表于 2025-3-22 06:26:03

Markov Chains,of integers or reals. I has the interpretation of a (discrete or continuous) time interval, . thereby being a time index. The simplest random process in discrete time is a sequence of independent random variables. This can be considered as a process without memory: the value of the process at a give

WAIL 发表于 2025-3-22 09:23:20

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Flat-Feet 发表于 2025-3-22 14:06:27

Vivek S. Borkarocrat- or Republican-leaning, or in continuous scales ranging from most liberal to most conservative. Recent studies have stressed the need for studying these phenomena in complex social networks in additional dimensions of social cleavage, including anti-elite polarization and attitudes towards cha

flourish 发表于 2025-3-22 17:39:14

Vivek S. Borkartion, analysis and applications of software, ontology, and c.This book provides a comprehensive review of complex networks from three different domains, presents novel methods for analyzing them, and highlights applications with accompanying case studies. Special emphasis is placed on three specific

抓住他投降 发表于 2025-3-22 21:15:59

Vivek S. Borkartion, analysis and applications of software, ontology, and c.This book provides a comprehensive review of complex networks from three different domains, presents novel methods for analyzing them, and highlights applications with accompanying case studies. Special emphasis is placed on three specific

是限制 发表于 2025-3-23 02:37:52

Vivek S. Borkarmetrics which generalize Kähler Ricci-flat metrics to the non-Kähler setting. These non-Kähler Calabi–Yau manifolds have their origins in theoretical physics, where they were introduced in the works of C. Hull and A. Strominger. We will introduce tools from geometric analysis, namely geometric flows

synovium 发表于 2025-3-23 06:31:19

Vivek S. Borkarmetrics which generalize Kähler Ricci-flat metrics to the non-Kähler setting. These non-Kähler Calabi–Yau manifolds have their origins in theoretical physics, where they were introduced in the works of C. Hull and A. Strominger. We will introduce tools from geometric analysis, namely geometric flows
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查看完整版本: Titlebook: Probability Theory; An Advanced Course Vivek S. Borkar Textbook 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York 1995 Markov chain.Markov prop