duodenum 发表于 2025-3-21 17:47:44
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Insurgency by Committee, of the relationships between the Ottoman state and its subject peoples. However, revolutionary committees were not unique to the Ottoman Empire, or even to the repressive multinational empires of the age, and appeared in the democracies as well. In fact, the character of insurgency in Europe, inclu多嘴多舌 发表于 2025-3-22 02:41:03
,Counterinsurgency in the Empire’s Core,an heartland, both of which were strategically essential for the continued preservation of the Ottoman state. Unfortunately, after the Russo-Ottoman War of 1877–78, in the core areas the Ottoman military faced renewed conventional threats from external enemies as well as new unconventional threats fIndent 发表于 2025-3-22 05:03:57
Counterinsurgency in the Periphery, side of Ottoman counterinsurgency practices. This was because, as Ottoman military strength was drawn to, and concentrated in, the core areas, it became possible in the distant provinces for traditional tribal and leader-centric rebellion to take root. Moreover, unlike the committee-led insurgencie斥责 发表于 2025-3-22 08:45:58
A Template for Destruction,ptable practices in warfare. Three wars, in particular, set important precedents for the Western world in the way in which militaries dealt with guerrillas and irregular insurgents. These wars involved Spain in Cuba, the United States in the Philippines, and Britain in South Africa, and all three saresuscitation 发表于 2025-3-22 15:19:57
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Enemies Within,ch itself included Armenian legions of expatriate Ottoman Armenian citizens. It was carefully planned; the small Ottoman force in the area quickly lost control of the city, and then failed to prevent the relief of the Armenians by the advancing Russian army. The loss of the city in this manner, to iatopic-rhinitis 发表于 2025-3-23 08:05:49
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