不可思议
发表于 2025-3-25 06:04:16
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凝视
发表于 2025-3-25 08:08:00
Reframing the Nation,tc. Similar to “Ottoman,” the concept of “Turk” was often presented as a supra-identity, broad enough to encompass all the elements of Turkey‘s ethnically diverse population. At the same time, however, it was tailored to meet the needs, logic, and methods of an aspiring nation-state.
ARK
发表于 2025-3-25 14:37:27
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骚扰
发表于 2025-3-25 16:58:22
Framing the Ottoman Nation,to the lengthy and extensive processes of modernization sweeping through its state and society during the nineteenth century, which, due mostly to the hardships and turmoil encountered, has gained a reputation as the empire’s longest and most difficult.
insolence
发表于 2025-3-26 00:01:14
Ottomanism Between Ideology and ,nes the debates regarding Yusuf Akçura’s renowned article, “The Three Kinds of Policy,” which delineated what is commonly known in historiography as (pan-)Ottomanism (.), (pan-)Islamism (.), and (pan-)Turkism (.) as the three distinct policies of nationalism available for the Ottoman statesmen to pu
LIKEN
发表于 2025-3-26 01:53:14
Revolution and Disillusion,eans of communication and avenues for political engagement. This included a parliament, elections, a constitution, political parties, and a vibrant press, all of which offered fresh opportunities for debating and shaping the Ottoman national identity. The dominant discourse revolved around the old i
狂热文化
发表于 2025-3-26 06:44:52
Identity Policies in Action,dominance amidst diverse perspectives on the national question and the discontent Unionist policies caused among various sections of Ottoman society and population elements. In this regard, a growing divide emerged between parliament and the CUP-controlled government on issues such as language homog
偏离
发表于 2025-3-26 09:11:14
Claiming the Homeland?,lization of the “nation” (millet) underwent further adjustments in response to evolving circumstances. In conflict with the central government and foreign powers, the resistance movement, led by the Ottoman military-bureaucratic elite, faced vulnerability and sought legitimacy from its domestic popu
战役
发表于 2025-3-26 13:47:35
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Embolic-Stroke
发表于 2025-3-26 18:27:59
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