TRAWL 发表于 2025-3-25 05:22:11
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Computer Science Serieshttp://image.papertrans.cn/o/image/701884.jpg胆汁 发表于 2025-3-25 15:00:17
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10306-5architecture; architectures; computer; group; layers; model; network; OSI; OSI model; philosophy; presentation痛苦一下 发表于 2025-3-25 21:18:28
,Physical Layer — Layer 1,responding subsystem in another. Its function is to transfer information transparently between physical service users (data link entities). This transfer is implemented by the transmission of bit streams over a physical medium.Rodent 发表于 2025-3-26 02:51:22
,Network Layer — Layer 3,Network Layer is to provide routeing of network service data units (NSDUs) between network service users in communicating end open systems. Routeing may involve the use of intermediate open systems as relays, but this relaying function is invisible, both to the Transport Layer and to the layers above.Aggregate 发表于 2025-3-26 05:00:39
,Session Layer — Layer 5,he same regardless of whether you are face to face in the same room, or thousands of miles apart at opposite ends of a telephone connection. For your conversation to take place, all you really need to know is that some means exists for your partner to hear what you say and ..Hiatal-Hernia 发表于 2025-3-26 11:13:39
,Presentation Layer — Layer 6,rantee is that the receiver understands the sender’s data. Telephones may allow you to speak to your Chinese counterpart in Peking, but unless you can agree to conduct your communication in a commonly understood language, your telephone conversation will be merely a meaningless exchange of sounds.南极 发表于 2025-3-26 15:46:44
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throughout the supply chain. As the structure of the industry has changed, the ways of doing business have moved further from the perfectively competitive norm to a much more interlinked production and marketing system integrated vertically and horizontally. The US food and agricultural sector has