单独 发表于 2025-3-28 17:29:22
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E. C. Eyre M.Ed., A.C.I.S. of ureteral stones offered a much less invasive alternative to contemporary open ureterolithotomy, and a was major advancement for the fledgling field of endourology. As new energy sources became widely available, studies examining the safety, efficacy, and cost sought to determine the one best modDetain 发表于 2025-3-29 02:21:15
tones create different diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in comparison to renal calculi. A variety of management options are currently available for the treatment of ureteral stones, including active monitoring, medical expulsive therapy, ureterolithotripsy, SWL, or laparoscopic stone removal. SSTING 发表于 2025-3-29 03:26:38
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http://reply.papertrans.cn/71/7007/700687/700687_46.pngHarridan 发表于 2025-3-29 19:30:48
itions in children and adults. Descriptions of the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic considerations on topics of traumatic, infectious, obstructive, hemorrhagic, iatrogenic, vascular and congenital urological emergencies in adults and children are provided. .The text is organized by pathophysio