LASH
发表于 2025-3-28 15:04:32
Masanao Aokie only way that entrepreneurs can raise finance for their projects is by borrowing from banks in a competitive credit market. This assumption allows us to ignore an important element in the analysis of an asymmetric information problem; that is, the form of contract offered by the principal to the a
Pepsin
发表于 2025-3-28 21:31:45
Masanao Aoki considering that entrepreneurs can raise finance for their projects only by borrowing from banks. Section 3.2 shows that the problem of hidden action can lead to problems in the credit market. Section 3.3 shows how those problems can be solved by the use of equity finance for the example we present
GLOSS
发表于 2025-3-29 02:04:38
nce of market forces. Thus, a general theory of private quality assurance in auditing was developed, based on the use of “quasi-rents” to self-enforce quality dimensions. This theory was then applied in the second part of the book to search for and define an efficient regulation of the provision of
Cardiac
发表于 2025-3-29 07:04:56
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愉快么
发表于 2025-3-29 10:06:52
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蒙太奇
发表于 2025-3-29 11:30:59
Time Series Representation,hem. By removing known mean values from data y., the first moments can be taken to be zero. So we focus on the structure of second order moments. Thus, information contained in data is summarized by sequences of covariance matrices Λ.,. = E(y.y.′). We attempt to duplicate the covariance matrix seque
货物
发表于 2025-3-29 15:54:11
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allude
发表于 2025-3-29 20:11:18
Prediction of Time Series,Λ. =Ey.y.′ is located along the main diagonal, the matrix . along the .-th diagonal below the main diagonal, and . along the .-th diagonal above the main diagonal. This covariance matrix is a block Toeplitz matrix because the same submatrices are arranged in the same way that elements are arranged i
tympanometry
发表于 2025-3-30 03:40:51
Estimation of System Matrices: Initial Phase,istic models, the dimensions of their state space are obtained as the theoretical ranks of the associated Hankel matrices. In stochastic models, rows of Hankel matrices contain noises and the ranks must be determined numerically. Here, system theory has contributed a procedure for approximate model
经典
发表于 2025-3-30 06:50:28
Time Series from Intertemporal Optimization,imization, i.e., optimization over time arises for the same reason that static optimization (i.e., linear and nonlinear programming) problems arise in economics: Trade-offs must be made in allocating scarce resources; the only difference being that the trade-offs over time also must be made because