outrage
发表于 2025-3-27 00:03:36
David Freedman these sensors can be categorized as low molecular weight probes or genetically encoded proteins. Based on the nature of the signal emitted by these sensors, they can be divided into two groups: (1) nonratiometric sensors whose fluorescence intensity reports and (2) ratiometric sensors, with [
斗争
发表于 2025-3-27 04:55:33
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tooth-decay
发表于 2025-3-27 09:07:10
David Freedmangs of Thomas Malthus. In his sixteenth century text, De Re Metallica, Georgio Agricola also addressed the environmental impacts of mining. Although copper mining on the Iberian Peninsula took place over thousands of years, no single copper ore body will last forever. The question ‘is copper mining s
JAMB
发表于 2025-3-27 13:25:41
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WAG
发表于 2025-3-27 17:32:31
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certain
发表于 2025-3-27 20:00:41
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大酒杯
发表于 2025-3-28 00:45:14
Introduction to Discrete Timewhich depends only on the current state, and not on the previous history or even on the time . These processes are called . They are the object of study in the first part of this book. More formally, there is a countable set of states ., and a stochastic process ..... on some probability triple (.,
glomeruli
发表于 2025-3-28 03:32:49
Ratio Limit Theoremse and on measures with infinite mass. Fix a reference state . ∈ . Remember that {..} is Markov with stationary transitions . and starting state . relative to the probability ... Remember that the first .-block runs from the first . to just before the second . Remember the definition (1.80) of invari
airborne
发表于 2025-3-28 09:35:05
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令人作呕
发表于 2025-3-28 11:13:17
The Boundary(.) ≧ 0 and Σ.P(., .)≦1. Let .. be the identity matrix, and Σ.P.. Suppose G < ∞. By (1.51), this is equivalent to saying that all . ∈ . are transient. Let . be a probability on . such that .(.) > 0 for all . ∈ .. Here .(.) means Σ.. A function . on . is . iff:.and . for all . ∈ ..Check, . < ∞ for al