Nibble
发表于 2025-3-23 10:56:31
Mathematical Tools,(x, y) ∈ φ} are . of φ.If φ . ≠ ø for every x ∈ X, we call φ a . from X into Y, and write φ: X → Y: x ↦ φ(x) ≡φ.. If for all x ∈ X one has # φ(x) = 1, then the correspondence φ can be identified with a . f: X → Y such that φ(x) = {f (x)}. The sets φ.(M) = {x ∈ X ∣φ (x) ⊂ M) and s φ. (M) = {x ∈ X∣φ (
inhibit
发表于 2025-3-23 15:09:47
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Dendritic-Cells
发表于 2025-3-23 19:47:26
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废墟
发表于 2025-3-23 22:41:09
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Infraction
发表于 2025-3-24 05:42:30
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注入
发表于 2025-3-24 09:53:23
Other Approaches,In this section I refer to the work of Allen (1982) which is concerned with deriving C. mean demand. An economy is characterized in this context as a distribution on C. monotone utility functions and endowment vectors.
terazosin
发表于 2025-3-24 13:46:16
Introduction,described as follows:.Consider a group of individuals and for each individual a decision problem, which depends on a common parameter. If the results of the individual decision processes are aggregated, what can be said about the aggregate outcome and its dependence on the parameter?
竖琴
发表于 2025-3-24 17:30:53
Smoothing Demand by Aggregation,y the above headline. Although the word “smooth” has well defined technical meanings — for example functions are smooth if they are of class C. — the non-technical use is well suited for tracing back these problems in the history of economic theory.
shrill
发表于 2025-3-24 21:17:01
The Parametric Approach,ight understanding and evaluation of what is presented in these next three chapters. We will be interested in distinguishing classes of distributions on consumers’ characteristics for which mean demand is well behaved, i.e., C. or C..
insomnia
发表于 2025-3-25 01:29:47
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