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Surgical Considerations in the Management of Primary Invasive Breast Cancer,tomy (CPM), and breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Following BCS, radiation therapy (RT) is often required to reduce the risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence, although older patients with indolent tumors may not require radiotherapy after BCS. Moreover, radiotherapy is required for selected higAPEX 发表于 2025-3-27 09:26:46
Management of the Axilla,nd accepted as standard of care worldwide. Dual localization methods with blue dye and radioisotope are associated with optimal performance parameters such as shorter learning curve, higher identification rates and low false-negative rates. Several issues relating to surgical technique and choice of摆动 发表于 2025-3-27 16:31:24
Breast Reconstructive Surgery,mmetrical breast mound after mastectomy. Breast reconstruction can be at the time of mastectomy or as a delayed procedure. Options for reconstruction include prosthetic implants, autologous tissue, or both. Implant reconstruction is a relatively simple and effective method of breast reconstruction,没有贫穷 发表于 2025-3-27 20:43:08
The Role of Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Management, recurrent carcinoma of the breast. Despite the technical limitations of the early equipment, tumor shrinkage and at times complete elimination of the tumor were noticed. However, the full potential of radiation therapy could not be achieved in those early days because of the limited knowledge regar动脉 发表于 2025-3-28 01:04:14
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Endocrine Therapy,ausal women, tamoxifen is the standard in low-risk patients, providing a significant reduction in both risk of recurrence and BC mortality; the addition of ovarian function suppression (OFS) to tamoxifen or the aromatase inhibitor (AI) Exemestane is recommended in patients at higher risk of relapse.Ophthalmologist 发表于 2025-3-28 07:04:14
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