你敢命令 发表于 2025-3-25 06:53:30
http://reply.papertrans.cn/63/6203/620242/620242_21.pngCondescending 发表于 2025-3-25 08:38:07
http://reply.papertrans.cn/63/6203/620242/620242_22.png边缘 发表于 2025-3-25 13:06:50
Alfred L. Horowitz M.D.itted with a clinical history of “Retinal detachment – treatment unsuccessful.” Retinal detachment may be “Rhegmatogenous” which occurs when fluid passes from the vitreous cavity through a hole in the retina into the “subretinal space.” The “hole” or “tear” is most commonly secondary to degenerativedainty 发表于 2025-3-25 18:57:28
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http://reply.papertrans.cn/63/6203/620242/620242_25.pngJubilation 发表于 2025-3-26 00:50:22
Alfred L. Horowitz M.D.zoans, flatworms are metazoans, i.e. they have multicellular bodies. On an evolutionary scale of anatomical advancement their rather compact bodies, lacking a skeleton or blood system, are regarded as relatively primitive, although their three-layered (triploblastic) construction (ectoderm on the ouOnerous 发表于 2025-3-26 08:13:01
Alfred L. Horowitz M.D.oxygen as air and biological and chemical processes may reduce this further. Warm water contains less oxygen than cool water and as the salt content of water increases the solubility of oxygen decreases. Reduced availability of oxygen is potentially limiting for active animals like fishes. SwimmingManifest 发表于 2025-3-26 10:27:23
f body undulations (Mann, 1962) in a similar way to the monogenean . (Chapter 3). However, this resemblance is superficial and leeches and monogeneans are unrelated and structurally very different. The body of a leech consists of a series of segments (metameres), each of which contains the same basi施魔法 发表于 2025-3-26 13:16:09
Alfred L. Horowitz M.D. life style for skin parasites. However, it is by no means clear what these advantages are. Ready access to host blood does not seem to have been a significant factor, since, with the exception of the polyopisthocotylean monogeneans, most monogenean gill parasites are epidermis feeders. Predation prCongregate 发表于 2025-3-26 17:10:14
Alfred L. Horowitz M.D.o Roberts & Janovy (2000), as many as 45,000 different kinds of protozoans have been identified to date and it is not surprising that contact between these organisms and fishes has produced a range of parasites with many different life styles. Some protozoans occur on the exposed surfaces (skin and