售穴
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978-1-4899-2304-2Springer Science+Business Media New York 1992
放大
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Mawkish
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The Structure and Properties of Frozen Water and Aqueous Solutions, the apparently more stable and solid phase of ice. We are all familiar with the appearance and properties of ice, and for our everyday use of such things as ice cubes we have little concern about the structure of the material, the size of the crystals, or even the processes by which it is formed. B
vertebrate
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ASSAY
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Cryosectioning,ore precisely determined places. It is possible to distinguish between . and .. The former is a brittle breakage of the crystalline components with plastic deformation only occurring at a molecular level, while the latter is a flow process involving extensive plastic deformation of the crystallites
Climate
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Low-Temperature Fracturing and Freeze-Fracture Replication,y applying tensile stress via impact with a blunt instrument, which will produce a single fracture plane, or by using a sharp tool, which will generate shear forces just aheaad of the knife edge and produce a series of chonchoidal fractures. Unlike sectioning, the fracturing tool should not make phy
overrule
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Freeze-Drying,the ways water may be removed from such specimens using low-temperature procedures. In this chapter we will discuss the process of freeze-drying, in which ice in frozen specimens is removed by low-temperature vacuum sublimation. In the following chapter, we will consider the procedures of freeze sub
epidermis
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Freeze Substitution and Low-Temperature Embedding, and are frequently used sequentially during sample preparation. Freeze substitution is a chemical dehydration process in which ice in frozen-hydrated specimens is removed and replaced by an organic solvent. This procedure is in sharp contrast to the process of freeze-drying discussed in the previou
偶像
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Germinate
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Low-Temperature Transmission Electron Microscopy,ories of the inorganic and organic components of our planet and—in some notable instances—a few extraterrestrial objects. All these investigations have made use of the very high spatial resolution available in the microscope, which currently hovers around 2–3 Å. The physical events on which TEM reli