我没有命令
发表于 2025-3-25 04:14:16
H. Mohrtain and Atomic Energy 1939-1945 , and covers the years from 1945 to the first British bomb test at the end of 1952. Volume 1 studies policy making at the highest levels - the strategic, political and international considerations, the administrative and constitutional machinery. It shows how and why
CRACY
发表于 2025-3-25 08:36:37
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Ondines-curse
发表于 2025-3-25 13:05:31
H. Mohrthe United States team at their ‘Crossroads’ trials at Bikini in 1946; he began to think early about the necessary preparations for a British test. In terms of economy of effort and resources, there was a clear case for co-operation with the Americans. One of the requests put forward by Britain in t
碎石
发表于 2025-3-25 16:57:06
Prologue Science and Responsibility,pothesis, and I pointed out that there are no data known at present that do not agree with the hypothesis. In other words, I tried to follow carefully the established manner of dealing with a scientific problem. This time I shall not discuss a scientific problem, but I wish to consider certain aspec
有发明天才
发表于 2025-3-25 23:18:23
The Scientific Approach (1): Terminology and Language,we expect normative insights? Or will our effort lead at best to a post factum formal reconstruction of the scientific way of thinking? Can we become more conscious, more reliable, and thus better and even more successful scientists? Or is it only that we try to make explicit what every experienced
lactic
发表于 2025-3-26 03:28:45
The Scientific Approach (2): Data, Hypotheses, and Theories,gements, statements, data, facts),. which are based on observation (or, in more general terms, justified by empiricism). A statement is true if it refers to an existing state of affairs in the real world; a statement is false if the state of affairs to which it refers does not exist. Every unambiguo
鼓掌
发表于 2025-3-26 05:07:38
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是突袭
发表于 2025-3-26 10:09:46
The Principle of Causality,w or even a conditio sine qua non of science (1). I will describe mainly the structure of the principle of causality as it is presently used in physiology, i.e., in . research, which aims at the . explanation of an event. Since the structure of causal research is often misunderstood even by experien
cardiovascular
发表于 2025-3-26 16:36:04
The Structure of Teleological Action,purposeful, and deliberate action, is outside the realm of science. This objection is . justified. Since man is a biological species, discussion of goal-aimed, . action and free will is in fact a legitimate topic of biology. Moreover, it is probable that some kind of teleological action occurs in th
Hearten
发表于 2025-3-26 17:54:18
Physics and Biology: The Problem of Reduction, The competition between the different fields of science will become stronger. Some fields will disappear completely. Departments will be closed. Under these circumstances, a fair comparison of the logical status of competing disciplines becomes crucial. If scientists are not willing to describe cle