irradicable
发表于 2025-3-26 23:57:20
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轻快走过
发表于 2025-3-27 01:19:50
Before the Test Event: , Validity EvidenceThere are two aspects to theory-based validity. One concerns . evidence collected before the test event, the other . evidence generated after the test has been administered (Weir 1988a).
opinionated
发表于 2025-3-27 08:00:01
Context Validity in ActionThe last decade of the twentieth century saw a general decline in the prestige of psychometric, statistically-driven approaches to testing. In its place there has been a growing interest in the importance of . in defining domain of use . conditions and .
LATE
发表于 2025-3-27 11:04:49
Key SourcesThe key references have been appended at the ends of chapters and you are recommended to look at these to obtain a reasonable overview of the field. A few of the core books of relevance to language testers are listed below.
准则
发表于 2025-3-27 13:35:34
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aviator
发表于 2025-3-27 18:31:42
Research and Practice in Applied Linguisticshttp://image.papertrans.cn/l/image/581005.jpg
好色
发表于 2025-3-27 21:57:57
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饥荒
发表于 2025-3-28 05:50:55
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ensemble
发表于 2025-3-28 07:56:43
Scoring Validity in Actiontest development which could potentially impact on the reliability of our tests. Hughes (2003: Chapter 5) examines a number of these specifically in relation to reliability. He provides a set of guidelines for making the test task itself more likely to produce reliable scores:.And in relation to the scoring of test performance itself:
Antioxidant
发表于 2025-3-28 14:28:58
External Validities in Actione needs to be generated to demonstrate that it is valid. Two further steps need to be taken. The first involves looking for an external criterion beyond the test in question against which it might be measured.