neolith
发表于 2025-3-28 18:11:46
Visited, Traversed and Conjectured Landscape,urneys. Some valuation of landscapes traversed on journeys for other purposes may be attempted via the additional costs of taking “a more scenic” route. Landscape seen “in the mind’s eye” cannot be so evaluated.
Ibd810
发表于 2025-3-28 21:46:19
The Utility Effects of Landscape Change,ge differs between strategies. Substitution may be treated via reinterpretation of standard travel cost analysis. Generally beneficial aesthetic change may not suit everyone, particularly those familiar with a landscape’s previous state.
模仿
发表于 2025-3-28 23:04:03
Pragmatic Case Studies,elitist perspective. Several studies of the value of trees and woodlands were based on general mappings from travel or housing costs onto an aesthetic scale. In all cases aesthetic values were of important magnitude.
爱哭
发表于 2025-3-29 03:57:52
Book 2017Latest edition a subject which has until now been addressed only in limited aspects. Although much of the book‘s discussion is based upon natural resources and environmental economics, the author presents a wide and integrative view, drawing from aesthetic, psychological, social and political perspectives and app
不可知论
发表于 2025-3-29 08:01:32
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Maximize
发表于 2025-3-29 15:19:52
The Costs of Landscape,s are the normal ones of employing the factors of production of land, labour, raw materials, capital and enterprise. Using these factors also incurs an opportunity cost in forgoing their alternative production. Costs can be apportioned to units of landscape experience, or used as a measure of implie
性上瘾
发表于 2025-3-29 17:35:59
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Flinch
发表于 2025-3-29 22:10:54
The Constitution of Value, with cultural norms and psychological propensities, diversity and stability of experience, and whatever arises from its familiarity. Knowledge of its existence may convey value to those not directly experiencing it. Contact with good landscape may also improve people’s productivity and health, and
Osmosis
发表于 2025-3-30 00:10:42
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conception
发表于 2025-3-30 06:09:03
Monetising Expert Valuations: Examples with Amenity Trees, devised for so doing for the value of urban trees, which involve some arithmetic combination of aesthetic and monetary factors. One is based on assessed characteristics of site and tree, monetised through the cost of replacement. Another uses similar characteristics, but is monetised through broad