Patrimony
发表于 2025-3-23 11:03:26
Labor in Colonial Kenya after the Forced Labor Convention, 1930–1963
WAG
发表于 2025-3-23 14:31:16
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陶醉
发表于 2025-3-23 21:42:57
Introduction: Communal Forced Labor as a Mask of Tradition,s not construed as forced labor but a remnant of tradition. Though justified as an innocuous vestige of African custom by the colonial administration and even the International Labour Organization, communal labor functioned in the various African colonies as merely another type of forced labor. This
抗体
发表于 2025-3-24 02:14:32
,“Skinny Scarecrows”: Forced Labor in Kenya Before the Forced Labour Convention,by the mid-1920s the administration had completely disavowed forced labor for private interests and had begun to scale back government forced labor even before the passage of the Forced Labour Convention. This chapter delves into the early history of forced labor in Kenya Colony to explore the facto
BRINK
发表于 2025-3-24 05:47:21
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小木槌
发表于 2025-3-24 06:55:45
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捕鲸鱼叉
发表于 2025-3-24 12:55:42
Protecting the Soil (1): Communal Labor and Land Degradation in Central Province,nya Colony. The issue of soil erosion was also intertwined with renewed ideas of colonial development following WWII. To counter soil erosion, the administration began to implement a soil preservation program utilizing various agronomic techniques, like soil terracing. In order to facilitate these t
RAGE
发表于 2025-3-24 16:49:49
Protecting the Soil (2): Communal Labor and Land Degradation in Nyanza Province,ed upon traditional authorities to ensure that soil conservation schemes were carried out in the rural areas. Women bore the brunt of the work. There was subsequent protest and resistance. Letter writing became a medium for protest as did the traditional absenteeism and destruction of anti soil prov
insipid
发表于 2025-3-24 22:11:58
,Controlling “Spivs”: The ILO and Emergency Communal Labor, 1952–1960,unal labor into a punitive labor regime known as Emergency communal labor. In violation of the Forced Labour Convention, the administration used Emergency communal labor as a form of punishment against civilian members of the communities that comprised the bulk of the Mau Mau fighters. By the 1950s,
显而易见
发表于 2025-3-25 00:04:02
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