强所
发表于 2025-3-25 04:09:05
Nanoparticle Formation, modes of particle growth, from surface mononuclear formation controlled to diffusion controlled, are summarized. Examples of real particles obtained are described. The case of monodisperse nanoparticles and particles made by the Stöber process are the focus of a special section. More recent subfiel
引起
发表于 2025-3-25 08:06:58
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自然环境
发表于 2025-3-25 12:26:22
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灵敏
发表于 2025-3-25 18:09:12
Wet Gels and Their Drying,r classification according to their structure and their behavior in the wet state. In particular, their shrinking, swelling, syneresis, and aging behavior are described. The drying techniques of wet gels are finally reviewed. They comprise evaporation of their liquid matrix to produce xerogels, and
debacle
发表于 2025-3-25 23:30:38
Dry Gels,organic-inorganic materials and polymer or surfactant-templated materials are addressed in Chaps. . and .. The texture and structure of these simple gels are first presented. A few main types of gel are next reviewed and comprise a few typical oxide gels as well as non-oxide inorganic gels, includin
机密
发表于 2025-3-26 01:14:42
,Hybrid Organic–Inorganic and Composite Materials,anic–inorganic sol-gel materials and the composite materials in which the matrix is made by sol-gel processing. The various types of structures of hybrid materials and their possible classification are first summarized. Typical examples are next described, made with silica or other inorganic compone
collagen
发表于 2025-3-26 08:23:45
Surfactant-Templated Sol-Gel Materials,nd structural characteristics, quite interesting for some applications. In this chapter, the main properties of surfactant solutions are first described, in particular their various micellar organizations and the way they were applied to design ordered mesoporous gels. Their chemical composition mai
groggy
发表于 2025-3-26 09:05:01
Phase Transformation,he chemical transformations, such as dehydration, at the lowest temperatures. Then comes the so-called topotactic transformations at moderately high temperatures, to form metastable transition phases, in particular glassy phases. The more traditional phase transformation mechanisms by spinodal decom
Morbid
发表于 2025-3-26 16:12:25
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machination
发表于 2025-3-26 17:47:59
Applications of Sol-Gel Processing,ct of this chapter. A first domain concerns direct applications in the sol or in the gel state. The various types of gel shaping come next. The techniques reviewed here comprise coatings and thin films, fibers, and monoliths directly obtained from gel monoliths, or from gel-derived powder packing. M