florid
发表于 2025-3-25 05:52:54
,Fundamental Groupoid and van Kampen’s Theorem,paces or the space arises as a gluing of subspaces right away. Our first goal is to find means that in both cases allow to compute the fundamental group of the space in terms of the fundamental groups of its constituents. We should keep in mind, however, that the fundamental group .(., .) of a topol
斜谷
发表于 2025-3-25 09:41:00
Homology: Ideas and Axioms,verall idea of homology as an alternative and more accessible topological tool. We begin with the introduction of ., a variant of homology that is only defined for a special type of spaces but for which the original, combinatorial idea still shines through. The basic properties of simplicial homolog
OVERT
发表于 2025-3-25 12:13:59
Singular Homology,our previous idea of constructing homology by considering . of simplices and define homology as . up to .. To make this program work for a general topological space ., it seems that the only chance to come up with a functorial construction—involving no choices—is to audaciously consider all possible
Externalize
发表于 2025-3-25 17:53:50
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寡头政治
发表于 2025-3-25 20:34:54
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CLEAR
发表于 2025-3-26 01:42:46
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芳香一点
发表于 2025-3-26 06:00:03
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recede
发表于 2025-3-26 10:33:54
Holger Kammeyerür Ingenieure“ sind ein Lehr- und Arbeitsbuch für Ingenieurstudenten im Hochschulbereich, die im Grundstudium die Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik verstehen möchten. Das Buch soll dem Studienanfänger das Verständnis für elektrotechnische Probleme erleichtern. Deshalb ist der Stoff sehr ausführlich und
迅速成长
发表于 2025-3-26 14:55:48
velopmental events in the whole plant and the response of plants to external factors. Thus, they influence the yield and quality of crops. During the last decade we have slowly begun to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying phytohormone action, largely as a result of the rapid developments
烦人
发表于 2025-3-26 17:50:30
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