antecedence
发表于 2025-3-28 15:26:38
David Greenawaythe field of studies on and in ecology Clarifies historical,.As concerns about humankind’s relationship with the environment move inexorably up the agenda, this volume tells the story of the history of the concept of ecology itself and adds much to the historical and philosophical debate over this m
孤僻
发表于 2025-3-28 19:31:26
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bronchiole
发表于 2025-3-28 23:13:48
ept of ecology itself and adds much to the historical and philosophical debate over this multifaceted discipline. The text provides readers with an overview of the theoretical, institutional and historical formation of ecological knowledge. The varied local conditions of early ecology are considered
chandel
发表于 2025-3-29 06:02:50
Introductionres induced most trading nations to become more inward-looking. By contrast, the post-war era, certainly until the oil shock of 1973, has been a period of sustained growth of output and trade. In part this can be directly attributed to the dismantling of protective barriers erected during the inter-
–吃
发表于 2025-3-29 08:29:21
An Overview of the Determinants of Exchange and Specialisationions of restricting trade, whether by tariff or non-tariff interventions, in particular if we wish to have a clear perception of the gains and losses associated with these interventions, then we must also be clear on the forces which are being suppressed.
Nonporous
发表于 2025-3-29 15:08:43
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Diastole
发表于 2025-3-29 18:08:43
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庇护
发表于 2025-3-29 22:35:43
Dismantling the Old Protectionism: Tariff Liberalisation and GATToncerned. Under certain circumstances, however, most notably where a country was in a position to influence its terms of trade, individual countries could gain from unilateral tariff imposition. Gains only materialised in the absence of retaliation, and since gains which are made by some countries a
令人苦恼
发表于 2025-3-30 00:06:48
Measuring the Effect of Tariff Barrierson/liberalisation without giving any indication of the likely order or magnitude of such changes. This is an important question. The net welfare effects of a given liberalisation process may be positive in magnitude but may only amount to the smallest fraction of GNP. If so, one may consider the len
财政
发表于 2025-3-30 04:42:07
The Economic Effects of Non-Tariff Interventionsified the criteria by which we could rank one policy instrument relative to another. In this chapter we will consider the economic effects of some non-tariff interventions in rather more detail. One important difference between this chapter and Chapter 3 is that we will not spend a great deal of tim