calorie
发表于 2025-3-25 06:54:48
An Agent’s Perspective on East-West Administrative Cooperation in the Field of Trainingc services that were introduced in our most recent EU Member States with a view to accession gives us reason to expect that, in the framework of medium- or long-term prospects of accession, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe will in turn embark upon major modernization programs. Accession t
排他
发表于 2025-3-25 09:45:46
http://reply.papertrans.cn/48/4704/470348/470348_22.png
不透明性
发表于 2025-3-25 13:22:13
The “Contract and Agency State” as a Multiple Principal-Agent Problemminant types of modernization initiative to be found in OECD member countries (Naschold, 1995:42f.). This trend is rooted in the liberal belief that decentralized forms of political and administrative decision making are per se superior to centralized public sector management.
革新
发表于 2025-3-25 17:01:03
Decentralization in an Inter-Governmental Context: The UK Experience of Managing Local Service Delivthose changes. Instead, its principal aim is quickly to review the findings of a large fieldwork research project in health care, education and public housing in order to pick out the major trends in decentralization and devolution between the various levels of government. These trends will then be
发展
发表于 2025-3-25 23:14:27
Partnerships and Networks as Self-Organizing Systems: an Antidote to Principal-Agent Theoryhey could not individually possess, and achieve outcomes which they value, without anyone being in charge or consciously planning it. This concept, developed in the natural sciences, appears to fly in the face of ‘the incessant forces of dissolution described by the second law of thermodynamics’ (Wa
elucidate
发表于 2025-3-26 00:50:58
http://reply.papertrans.cn/48/4704/470348/470348_26.png
Flatter
发表于 2025-3-26 07:56:14
Transfer Pricing in Government Organizationsten this interdependence is a consequence of a policy of vertical integration, which is deemed to be necessary in regard to the tasks to be performed. The integration of logistic support with the operational units of the armed forces may be taken as an obvious example.
冒号
发表于 2025-3-26 12:15:35
Private and Municipal Care Institutionsaging their own autonomous functions as well as specific tasks designated by law. New duties or responsibilities may not be given to or taken away from municipalities unless specifically enacted by law. The basic principle is that citizens shall receive basic services through self-government.
停止偿付
发表于 2025-3-26 15:19:33
Relative Efficiency of Intermunicipal Provisionizing activities, such as contracting out, and straightforward budget cuts were popular instruments used in response to the fiscal squeeze during the ‘eighties. It is conceivable that the establishment of such an intercommunal arrangement is preferred for ideological reasons. The intercommunal arran
小争吵
发表于 2025-3-26 18:42:01
Efficiency and Effectiveness of Partnership in Southern European Metropolitan Administrationrowth is closely related to the rise of the “knowledge society”, based on the production and the distribution of intangible assets. Metropolitan areas have managed to foster and attract knowledge, innovation, and culture in a greater measure than other areas. Moreover, their upgraded transportation