反话
发表于 2025-3-23 13:18:23
The Business Situation: On the Meaning of an Undetermined Survey Variable,ts are supposed to be connected with corresponding measures taken by the entrepreneur which affect cyclical development. “If businessmen predominantly judge a certain economic situation uniformly, and if they act in accordance with their judgement, ... the economic impulses emanating from the private economy will be adjusted to this assessment.”.
指耕作
发表于 2025-3-23 16:37:20
Basic Research with Qualitative Data and with Anticipations,reviated to KT) and of the Investment Survey (in German “Investitionstest”, abbreviated to IT). The present article reviews these investigations; they of course link up with the work done by IFO and with earlier investigations by H. Theil..
Mobile
发表于 2025-3-23 19:02:34
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欢呼
发表于 2025-3-24 02:14:12
The Finger on the Pulse of the Economy,ut whether the monetary reform had brought about the desired change., no one thought that this would be the hour of birth of an information technique that would spread out worldwide.. This special form of survey technique was not completely new in Germany or abroad. The persons who initiated the IFO
充气球
发表于 2025-3-24 05:53:08
The Business Situation: On the Meaning of an Undetermined Survey Variable,ot solely by the objective circumstances, but also by assessments of businessmen concerning these facts.”. It therefore relies on trade cycle theories which attach particular significance to incomplete information concerning past and present events.. Apart from the objective conditions and changes i
枯燥
发表于 2025-3-24 08:36:04
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季雨
发表于 2025-3-24 11:29:09
,The “Business Climate” as Leading Indicator,ddition to information in quantitative and tendential form (“more”/“same”/“less”) via processes, which partly were not considered for a long time in official statistics (e.g. changes in orders on book and in investments), or are still not accounted for (e.g. utilization of capacity, extent of orders
闲逛
发表于 2025-3-24 16:16:58
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Lacerate
发表于 2025-3-24 20:28:27
Forecasting Capital Expenditure with Plan Data,nd. One reason is that year-to-year fluctuations in capital expenditure are extremely wide. Some simple methods which are frequently used, and which amount to extrapolation of the existing trend, for instance by exponential smoothing, are therefore bound to fail. But even methods based on explicit m
抵消
发表于 2025-3-24 23:09:13
Satisfaction and Growth Expectations in Industry and Trade,er trade turnovers are rising or falling, and how long average working hours are. We know whether producers feel their stocks in hand to be too great or too small; we even know something about business expectations, and about plans for investment in the economy. Despite this and much other informati