油膏
发表于 2025-3-28 15:11:33
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lipids
发表于 2025-3-28 19:52:28
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Promotion
发表于 2025-3-29 00:42:25
Asle Fagerstrøm,Gheorghita Ghinea dev- tation. The disorder af?icts millions of people, often co-occurring with other mental illnesses with enormous social and economic costs to society. Several decades of research have established that drugs of abuse hijack the brain’s natural reward substrates, and that chronic drug use causes ab
镇痛剂
发表于 2025-3-29 03:41:51
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Uncultured
发表于 2025-3-29 10:49:18
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Irascible
发表于 2025-3-29 11:42:47
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NIP
发表于 2025-3-29 15:48:40
Sumonta Kasemvilas,Daniel Firpos of behavioral control leading to personal dev- tation. The disorder af?icts millions of people, often co-occurring with other mental illnesses with enormous social and economic costs to society. Several decades of research have established that drugs of abuse hijack the brain’s natural reward subs
高脚酒杯
发表于 2025-3-29 20:43:07
Ya-Li Lin,Darcy Lin dev- tation. The disorder af?icts millions of people, often co-occurring with other mental illnesses with enormous social and economic costs to society. Several decades of research have established that drugs of abuse hijack the brain’s natural reward substrates, and that chronic drug use causes ab
连接
发表于 2025-3-30 00:21:07
Emma Nuraihan Mior Ibrahim,Nor Laila Md Noore ability to form an association between an initially possibly neutral sensory stimulus and its behavioral relevance is essential for our ability to navigate in a changing environment. The formation of a memory is a complex process involving many areas of the brain. In this chapter we review classic
确定
发表于 2025-3-30 07:16:04
Dominik Rupprecht,Rainer Blum,Karim Khakzarmon neurobiological substrates of addiction to different classes of drugs, behavioral neuroscientists have attempted to determine the neural basis for a number of motivational concepts and describe how they are changed by repeated drug use. Here, we describe these concepts and summarize previous wor