Small-Intestine 发表于 2025-3-28 18:12:05
http://reply.papertrans.cn/43/4277/427607/427607_41.png游行 发表于 2025-3-28 22:21:44
The Nabataean and other Petty Kingdoms of North and Central Arabiarth Arabian states, like those of the south, drew their strength mainly from commerce and were in no sense militaristic either in their inception or in their development. The earliest among them was the Nabataean kingdom.可触知 发表于 2025-3-29 00:23:56
Muḥammad the Prophet of Allah al-Amīn. (the faithful), apparently an honorific title. The form which his name takes in the Koran (3: 138, 33: 40, 48: 29, 47: 2) is Muḥammad. and once (61: 6) Aḥmad. In popular usage he is Muhammad (highly praised)—a name borne by more male children than anyother. The baby’s father, ‘Abdullāh,die礼节 发表于 2025-3-29 04:13:57
The Koran the Book of Allahizers (.) were becoming extinct, ordered that the scattered portions of the Koran be collected. Zayd ibn-Thābit of al-Madīnah, formerly Muhammad’s secretary, was entrusted with the task. Fragments from “ribs of palm-leaves and tablets of white stone and from the breasts of men”. were brought togetheprogestogen 发表于 2025-3-29 07:54:00
Islam the Religion of Submission to the Will of AllahTestament than does the Christianity of the New Testament. It has such close affinities with both, however, that in the conception of many medieval European and Oriental Christians it stood as a heretic Christian sect rather than a distinct religion. In his . Dante consigns Muhammad to one of the loFLIT 发表于 2025-3-29 14:53:54
Period of Conquest, Expansion and Colonization , 632–61ate—all in one. But now Muhammad was dead. Who was to be his successor, his . (caliph), in all except the spiritual function? In his rôle as the last and greatest prophet, who had delivered the final dispensation to mankind, Muhammad evidently could have no one to succeed him.macular-edema 发表于 2025-3-29 18:40:32
http://reply.papertrans.cn/43/4277/427607/427607_47.pngdearth 发表于 2025-3-29 22:43:36
http://reply.papertrans.cn/43/4277/427607/427607_48.pngToxoid-Vaccines 发表于 2025-3-30 02:41:05
Egypt, Tripolis and Barqah Acquiredgranary of Constantinople, the fact that its capital Alexandria was the base of the Byzantine navy and that the country was the door to the rest of the North African corridor—all these considerations caused Arabian eyes to turn covetously towards the valley of the Nile quite early in the era of expa前兆 发表于 2025-3-30 04:09:15
The Administration of the New Possessionsosmopolitan conglomerate living under a multitude of conditions uncontemplated by the original lawgiver was the great task now confronting Islam. ‘Umar was the first to address himself to this problem. He is represented by tradition as the one who solved it and therefore as the founder of the second