disrupt
发表于 2025-3-26 21:06:47
https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230522435n in the availability of prey, climatic factors, predation risk and social factors have all turned out to be important. The interaction between different factors in socially feeding species may be complex, even in those feeding in single-species flocks. In mixed flocks, the situation may be further
Hallmark
发表于 2025-3-27 05:01:18
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98669-2al heterogeneities in an otherwise continuous distribution, such as the occurrence of earthworms in a field. Whichever form it takes, patchiness in food resources has important consequences for the foraging strategies we should expect predators to adopt (e.g. Pyke .. 1977, Krebs 1978, 1979, Krebs an
Albinism
发表于 2025-3-27 07:29:55
species to select fields with high surface densities and predictable spatial distributions of earthworms, and areas within fields where worms are locally abundant. Locating rich feeding areas, however, is only one problem facing hungry birds. Earthworms occur at different depths in the soil, in dif
收集
发表于 2025-3-27 11:02:23
Women Leaders in the UK by Judith Baxter, known, however, that the size and species composition of a flock can influence individual foraging behaviour and feeding efficiency (see Chapters 1 and 5). Effects of flock size and composition may be another reason why plovers did not follow the predictions of our simple optimal-diet model exactly
慢跑鞋
发表于 2025-3-27 14:07:56
Speaking for Patients and Carersassociated with feeding and looking for predators, and this directly affects their feeding efficiency (Chapters 5 and 6). Since the effect on individual feeding efficiency depends on the size and species composition of the flock, we might expect birds to be selective about the flocks they join or re
交响乐
发表于 2025-3-27 17:48:03
Appearances: Broadcasting and Dress,by stealing earthworms from foraging lapwings. In the preceding chapters, it has also become clear that the arrival of gulls in a flock and their kleptoparasitic activity has a complex effect on time budgeting, feeding efficiency and flock dynamics in both lapwings and golden plovers.
probate
发表于 2025-3-28 00:41:18
Basic Rules for the Use of Visual Resources,titors. Both finding limited resources and avoiding predation and exploitation, however, may require considerable investment of time and energy in scanning the environment, because resource availability and encounters with predators and competitors tend to be unpredictable in time and space. The nee
嘲弄
发表于 2025-3-28 03:52:35
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Indelible
发表于 2025-3-28 07:25:41
Appearances: Broadcasting and Dress,by stealing earthworms from foraging lapwings. In the preceding chapters, it has also become clear that the arrival of gulls in a flock and their kleptoparasitic activity has a complex effect on time budgeting, feeding efficiency and flock dynamics in both lapwings and golden plovers.
miniature
发表于 2025-3-28 11:41:27
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