兴奋过度 发表于 2025-3-26 23:01:30

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galley 发表于 2025-3-27 05:03:14

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ACME 发表于 2025-3-27 07:07:46

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Hallowed 发表于 2025-3-27 10:13:25

Industry,The basic impulse behind . comes from the Gorbachev leadership’s desire to make sure that the Soviet Union remains a superpower and, what is more, a superpower they can be proud of: not merely a partially-developed and socially unattractive country that somehow maintains the military strength to match NATO.

CRACK 发表于 2025-3-27 14:42:18

2946-868X . Special attention is paid to the economy, nationality affairs and foreign affairs. Gorbachev‘s standing abroad is much higher than at home. Seen by many abroad as a charismatic figure, he has still to convince the average worker and farmer that perestroika is good for them. The first four years pr

incision 发表于 2025-3-27 18:58:40

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机警 发表于 2025-3-27 23:46:20

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咽下 发表于 2025-3-28 04:50:40

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种类 发表于 2025-3-28 08:20:14

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9479-0 consolidation of power, encouraged a degree of openness both in culture and in terms of historical analysis specifically directed at a revelation of the faults of his predecessor’s regime. In addition, in 1986 a frequently repeated nostrum was that whereas the Thaw had come ‘from below’, . had been ‘imposed’ from above.

BILE 发表于 2025-3-28 10:58:35

The Arts, consolidation of power, encouraged a degree of openness both in culture and in terms of historical analysis specifically directed at a revelation of the faults of his predecessor’s regime. In addition, in 1986 a frequently repeated nostrum was that whereas the Thaw had come ‘from below’, . had been ‘imposed’ from above.
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查看完整版本: Titlebook: Gorbachev and Perestroika; Martin McCauley (Senior Lecturer in Soviet and Eas Book 1990 School of Slavonic and East European Studies, Univ