Radiation 发表于 2025-3-26 21:18:41
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https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33367-3Earthquakes often occurred with rapid release of energy from the Earth’s crust and resulted in huge casualties and damages. Furthermore, secondary disasters are sometimes caused by earthquakes, such as tsunamis, landslides, and quake lakes.RAGE 发表于 2025-3-27 05:59:43
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6809-3The Earth’s atmosphere is a kind of inhomogeneous medium. With increase of height, atmospheric mass decreases. When the electromagnetic wave propagates through the atmosphere, the deviation from a straight line occurs due to the variation of the air mass or density, which is called the atmospheric refraction.怕失去钱 发表于 2025-3-27 11:48:23
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3136-6Due to the complex spatial distribution and variation of the ionospheric layer, it is difficult to separate or remove each anomaly. The ionosphere has regular variations (daily and seasonal scales) and anomalies due to the magnetic storm, solar flares, and scintillation as well as other hazard events.lactic 发表于 2025-3-27 14:46:25
Factors of Production: TechnologyThe earthquake is related to various scales motions of the Earth’s surface and interior as well as the microscopic processes, such as the electric field, chemical reactions, pressure, and temperature (e.g., Pulinets and Boyarchuk .).的染料 发表于 2025-3-27 19:18:52
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51154-7Giant earthquakes often result in great loss of economics and lives as well as geohazards, such as tsunami and landslide. Due to the lack of measurement and theoretical understanding for the Earth’s interior, it is hard to predict the short-term earthquake’s occurrence, location, and magnitude up to now.Invigorate 发表于 2025-3-27 22:53:16
Siebrecht van der Spoel,Robert Pieter HeymanMonitoring and understanding of seismic ionospheric disturbances can provide insights on earthquake rupture, solid Earth and ionospheric coupling and ionospheric variations’ behaviors.LASH 发表于 2025-3-28 04:02:02
https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230597808The worldwide seismometers could estimate rapidly the location, the magnitude and the focal mechanism of earthquakes, but the detailed rupture process and seismic anomalies are still difficult to be monitored precisely and understood well due to limited observations or the lack of dense near field observations.最有利 发表于 2025-3-28 07:55:49
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GNSS Tropospheric SoundingThe Earth’s atmosphere is a kind of inhomogeneous medium. With increase of height, atmospheric mass decreases. When the electromagnetic wave propagates through the atmosphere, the deviation from a straight line occurs due to the variation of the air mass or density, which is called the atmospheric refraction.