foliage
发表于 2025-3-25 06:40:31
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breadth
发表于 2025-3-25 09:25:13
The Triumph of Individualism: Evolution of Somatically Generated Adaptive Immune Systems, only formed after infection, and the key information needed to build it is derived from the pathogen. On the other hand are those “anticipatory” systems that use proteins as pathogen sensors. Here the sensors have been formed prior to infection with the pathogen, and the information used to form th
Crayon
发表于 2025-3-25 13:16:42
The Other Side of the Arms Race,ement, granulocytes and CD8. T-killer cells. In its turn, every new pathogen virulence strategy drives the selection of new host resistance mechanisms. It is a never-ending struggle in which sometimes the pathogen, and then sometimes the host, manages to achieve a short-lived advantage.
思乡病
发表于 2025-3-25 16:41:29
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痛打
发表于 2025-3-25 23:23:53
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尊严
发表于 2025-3-26 03:58:47
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爱花花儿愤怒
发表于 2025-3-26 05:49:32
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伦理学
发表于 2025-3-26 11:43:22
he immune system by placing it in its evolutionary context.HImmunology is a nodal subject that links many areas of biology. It permeates the biosciences, and also plays crucial roles in diagnosis and therapy in areas of clinical medicine ranging from the control of infectious and autoimmune diseases
profligate
发表于 2025-3-26 15:55:50
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轻信
发表于 2025-3-26 16:49:52
Ergebnisse der summativen Evaluation, In the case of an animal’s innate immune system, soluble extracellular receptor molecules, and cell-associated sensors expressed by macrophages and other innate sentinel cells will detect incipient infections or other deviations from the homeostatic norm.