规范就好
发表于 2025-3-23 11:03:19
https://doi.org/10.1007/1-84628-194-6Algebraic topology; Continuity; Fundamental group; Homology; Homotopy; Homotopy group; Topological space; T
彩色的蜡笔
发表于 2025-3-23 17:18:02
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Osmosis
发表于 2025-3-23 19:07:55
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14862-2ace. However, homotopy groups are very hard to calculate. In this chapter we introduce “homology” groups, which can be thought of as a rough approximation to the homotopy groups of a space. In defining the homotopy groups of a space X, we considered all maps
摇曳
发表于 2025-3-24 01:37:16
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为敌
发表于 2025-3-24 05:20:46
Simplicial Homology,ace. However, homotopy groups are very hard to calculate. In this chapter we introduce “homology” groups, which can be thought of as a rough approximation to the homotopy groups of a space. In defining the homotopy groups of a space X, we considered all maps
松果
发表于 2025-3-24 09:52:17
978-1-85233-782-7Springer-Verlag London Limited 2005
正论
发表于 2025-3-24 11:48:36
Essential Topology978-1-84628-194-5Series ISSN 1615-2085 Series E-ISSN 2197-4144
FLINT
发表于 2025-3-24 17:53:00
Martin D. CrossleyUnites the most exciting aspects of modern topology with those that are most useful for research, leaving readers prepared and motivated for further study.Written from a thoroughly modern perspective:
PALSY
发表于 2025-3-24 19:46:33
Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Serieshttp://image.papertrans.cn/e/image/315549.jpg
删减
发表于 2025-3-25 00:55:13
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