Filament
发表于 2025-3-21 18:32:28
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世俗
发表于 2025-3-21 22:26:06
Problems of Mensuration and Experimentation result. Experimentation is classical (not quantal), and involves replicable control. Experimentation requires separation of events into objects of study and the (rest of the) world. Epistemically, this separation is between the knower (the experimenter) and the known. Knowledge must stand apart from (be about) its objects.
constitutional
发表于 2025-3-22 02:58:26
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Blood-Vessels
发表于 2025-3-22 08:16:00
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Prostaglandins
发表于 2025-3-22 09:26:34
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GNAW
发表于 2025-3-22 13:42:28
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GNAW
发表于 2025-3-22 20:38:00
Antibiotic-Induced Anaphylaxis,annot be measured except with less powerful scale techniques and can never be “controlled” to yield physics-like laws. Life arose without lawful (inexorable) determination, by enabling circumstances subject to rules but not physical determinism. Biology requires functional (higher order) explanatory
BIPED
发表于 2025-3-22 23:11:03
Konstantina Drakopoulou,Lukas Fuchsgruberithout influencing behavior guarantees the impossibility of experimentation or the discovery of inexorable laws. Psychology is restricted to demonstration studies: empirical but not experimental. Behaviorism is the application of phenomenalism (presentationalizm): all that exists for science is over
只有
发表于 2025-3-23 04:44:42
Anarchism in Print: Yesterday and Today,nferential. Studying only correlations abandons causality, at the price of never being explanatory—only descriptive. There can never be algorithms of either inference or assessment. One must have a theory to explain in either the physical or the functional domains. Only theories explain, and theory
BILIO
发表于 2025-3-23 06:23:33
https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230289680loy nominal, ordinal, and (some) interval scaling procedures to provide actual meaningful information in the human sciences, whereas using parametric procedures based upon ratio scaling provides misleading results because such procedures add in much information that cannot actually be supported by t