Scleroderma
发表于 2025-3-28 16:00:46
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Tremor
发表于 2025-3-28 20:00:21
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85496-5 his review of Luce’s book (1959). Let . denote the set of all possible alternatives from among which a subject might be required to choose. For any finite subset . of . (we call . the ‘offered set’) and any alternative . in ., let .(.) denote the probability that the subject, when choosing among th
平项山
发表于 2025-3-29 01:20:34
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Palpitation
发表于 2025-3-29 04:40:57
Rui Jiang,Xuegong Zhang,Michael Q. Zhangcertainty. This will be recognized by economists as a natural extension of the problem facing a producer, consumer, investor (or, for that matter, a government agency) under uncertainty. It is also in the spirit of some modern logicians. Ramsey (1926, 1928) and von Wright (1963) have, in a sense, ex
情感
发表于 2025-3-29 07:37:04
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0324-1ing maximized. Moreover, since the opponent’s response or the future in general is uncertain, the player does not know a unique result of his strategy but rather expects various possible results, some with greater, some will smaller degrees of belief or ‘(subjective) probabilities’.
退出可食用
发表于 2025-3-29 14:49:17
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97115-0(2) a decision rule associating each message with an act. The givens of the problem are: the probability distribution on the states of the world, and the utility yielded by each combination of act and state, taking account of message costs.
Infiltrate
发表于 2025-3-29 17:38:01
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羊栏
发表于 2025-3-29 21:19:03
Chemistry of Mustard Compounds,uidity under uncertainty (Essay 35) the principle of ‘minimax regret’ was used. This and various other competing principles were surveyed by R. Radner and J. Marschak (1954). Expected utility (of decisions with outcomes not necessarily monetary or numerical) is introduced in Essay 1 of Part One on t
EXTOL
发表于 2025-3-30 01:42:15
Rui Jiang,Xuegong Zhang,Michael Q. Zhangrking in Ramsey’s spirit, in order to understand the relation between the probabilities that the maker of decisions (including predictions) uses, and the frequencies he has observed. Harrod refers at length and, on balance, critically to Carnap’s duality of ‘probability.’ and ‘probability.’. The lat
critic
发表于 2025-3-30 07:19:36
Measuring Utility by a Single-Response Sequential Method (1964)