harrow 发表于 2025-3-23 12:56:54
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Motif and Regulatory Sequence Analysisll change in predictable ways. When punishment does not work as expected, the underlying assumptions of the punishment model are rarely questioned; instead, remedies are sought through more punishment, delivered more rapidly, and with greater certainty.Banister 发表于 2025-3-24 01:44:09
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Meghna Patial,Kiran Devi,Rohit Joshiquate research designs from which to make causal inferences, and unreliable measurement of key concepts. Findings from one jurisdiction, even if a sufficient level of internal validity has been established, are not generalizable to another jurisdiction and replication of studies using similar concep进取心 发表于 2025-3-24 08:25:23
Karina Y. Morales,Michael J. Thomsons about which variables will be most important or which are more sensitive to public policy influences. Deterrence theory is based on the assumption that individuals are self-interested utility maximizers who respond to the net utility (i.e., the expected net gain or lose) offered by the crime oppor凝结剂 发表于 2025-3-24 14:41:12
Shabir Hussain Wani,Goetz Henseland serious offenders. If perceptions of certainty and severity of punishment influence intentions regarding reoffending, but have little or nothing to do with subsequent criminal behavior, then it is unlikely that programs emphasizing the fear factor will be effective. These programs may seem to ho记成蚂蚁 发表于 2025-3-24 18:39:38
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Genome Editing Tools for Food Securityavior by manipulating the costs, benefits, or risks of alternative actions. Simplified versions of expected utility theory hold that behavior is contingent upon net utility and that it does not matter much, if at all, whether one seeks to change behavior by altering the benefits, altering the costs,outset 发表于 2025-3-25 01:11:52
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