易于交谈
发表于 2025-3-25 06:31:21
those of island arc volcanics. The generation of these depletions is not related to the subduction process. These anhydrous peridotites, which reside at high levels in the mantle, cannot generate, nor be in equilibrium with, mid-ocean ridge or ocean island basalts, and have a complex geochemical his
咯咯笑
发表于 2025-3-25 08:23:45
rial materials, and the fact also that volatiles, which can be both outgassed from the mantle and recycled, are traced by three more stable isotope ratios, namely those of carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen. In addition to stable isotope ratios, some chemical ratios in the volatiles can be used to link t
向外
发表于 2025-3-25 13:15:15
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limber
发表于 2025-3-25 17:21:25
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FLOUR
发表于 2025-3-25 22:54:54
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想象
发表于 2025-3-26 00:19:17
h as a whole system including physical and chemical properties of the components involved. Unfortunately, plate tectonics has so far failed to provide us with such a dynamic picture. Plate tectonics may be described as a kinematical description of the thin spherical outer shell of the earth. Even th
讨好女人
发表于 2025-3-26 04:45:06
evolution. Isotopic and chemical constraints show that elements like Rb, U, Th and Pb will have very short residence times (0.1–1.0 Ga) in the mantle and be close to steady state. In contrast, elements like Sr, Nd, Sm, Hf and Lu will have much longer residence times (5–10 Ga) and be far from steady
Anthropoid
发表于 2025-3-26 10:19:28
n significant amounts is unkown. These heterogeneities will — at least in parts — be torn into progessively longer and thinner streaks (or schlieren, tendrils, bands, lamellae), giving rise to a “marble cake mantle” (Allègre and Turcotte, 1986). The question of how fast the thickness reduction proce
ANNUL
发表于 2025-3-26 16:22:09
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0895-6atmosphere; chemistry; geochemistry; geology; geophysics; mineral; petrology; plate tectonics; structural ge
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发表于 2025-3-26 20:01:29
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