osteopath
发表于 2025-3-23 12:06:44
Structural Configuration Generation,a few “emergent properties” that are generated by biotic energy flows and material cycles (E. P. Odum 1983). This approach also assumes that behaviors of local ecological systems converge into distinct regional ecosystem patterns that are deterministically generated by interactions of biota with the
托运
发表于 2025-3-23 17:50:24
http://reply.papertrans.cn/24/2350/234940/234940_12.png
催眠
发表于 2025-3-23 19:50:29
The Main Objective of the Present Book,h abiotic factors as growing season, precipitation, and temperature (Borchert 1950; Curtis 1959; Lauenroth 1979; Singh et al. 1983; Transeau 1935). Across the Great Plains from the North American Rocky Mountains to the tallgrass prairie and the savannas of the eastern prairie-forest border, precipit
夹死提手势
发表于 2025-3-24 01:36:43
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12300-9gest that herbivores may have pervasive effects on ecosystem structure and function. In contrast to many terrestrial ecosystems that support relatively low herbivore loads and annually lose 5-10% or less of their net primary production (NPP) to herbivores (Chew 1974; Wiegert and Evans 1967; Owen and
ESO
发表于 2025-3-24 05:04:18
Norbert Adasch,Bruno Ernst,Dieter Keimoil science, climatology, chemistry, economics, engineering, and many others. Indeed, agricultural problems have been crucibles for theoretical developments in many of these disciplines. The science of ecology is no exception, having benefited from and contributed to agricultural theory and practice
instulate
发表于 2025-3-24 09:31:45
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-9928-5zation. In a review of the concept, Evans (1956) discusses Möbius’s (1877) use of ., Forbes’s (1887) use of microcosm, Markus’s (1926) use of ., Friederich’s (1927) use of holocoen, and Thienemann’s (1939) use of .; but Evans prefers Tansley’s (1935) use of . to describe the basic unit of ecology. E
挥舞
发表于 2025-3-24 10:59:57
Locally Convex Topological Vector Spaces,ity of a windward coral reef (Odum and Odum 1955), both ecosystem science and coral reef ecology were in their infancy. Thanks to the Odums’ extraordinary efforts during their short sojourn in the Marshall Islands, and to their prolific careers, we have seen a marked growth in interest in ecosystem
有杂色
发表于 2025-3-24 18:20:58
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1468-7 and animals compete aggressively for nutrients, food, and space. Order seems non-existent. The early investigators concentrated on studying the autecology of organisms, particularly corals, describing their distribution, habitats, behavior, and physiology (e.g., Mayor 1924; Yonge 1930). The problem
insomnia
发表于 2025-3-24 19:40:42
Locally Convex Topological Vector Spaces,ann 1907; Thienemann 1925; Carpenter 1928; Wesenberg-Lund 1943; Berg 1948). During the latter part of this period, streams were largely the domain of fishery biologists (e.g., Muttkowski 1929; Needham 1934, 1938). The emancipation of stream ecology from the status of a fishery vehicle and “poor sist
放弃
发表于 2025-3-24 23:18:19
Hilbertian spaces (elementary theory),ndeman (1942). This orientation has been reinforced by a hearty interest in systems analysis techniques that use a small number of differential equations to represent the compartments into which an ecosystem is divided (for examples see Patten 1971, 1972, 1975, 1976; Shugart and O’Neill 1979). The u