小口啜饮
发表于 2025-3-23 13:33:27
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深渊
发表于 2025-3-23 14:10:54
Richard Bornat,Rajagopal Nagarajangulation, according to the ETDRS recommendations, have been considered the mainstay treatment for a long time. With the advent of the new intravitreal pharmacotherapies, such as anti-vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) agents and steroids, a new scenario has been opened in the management of th
逃避责任
发表于 2025-3-23 19:03:09
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90638-6asculature, as a response to chronic retinal hypoxia. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is the recommended treatment and a reduction of 50 % of severe visual loss has been described in the high-risk PDR group. Nevertheless, visual field loss, ingravescence of diabetic macular edema, and visual impai
常到
发表于 2025-3-23 22:31:39
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90638-6aucoma, and development of preretinal fibrous membranes with tractional retinal detachment (TRD), macular dragging, and, sometimes, a combined traction-rhegmatogenous RD. Additional findings can include anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation, which can lead to cyclitic membrane formation, RD
外来
发表于 2025-3-24 06:14:41
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Isthmus
发表于 2025-3-24 08:55:57
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Musket
发表于 2025-3-24 14:09:17
Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retinopathy,ic retinopathy may become the leading cause of visual impairment globally, including low-income and middle-income countries. Some risk factors for diabetic retinopathy include long duration of diabetes mellitus, poor glycemic control, uncontrolled hypertension, obesity, ethnicity (e.g., higher risk
使闭塞
发表于 2025-3-24 18:47:18
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剥皮
发表于 2025-3-24 19:45:00
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PAN
发表于 2025-3-25 01:56:34
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy,asculature, as a response to chronic retinal hypoxia. Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is the recommended treatment and a reduction of 50 % of severe visual loss has been described in the high-risk PDR group. Nevertheless, visual field loss, ingravescence of diabetic macular edema, and visual impai