贬损
发表于 2025-3-21 17:39:02
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insightful
发表于 2025-3-21 22:06:02
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终止
发表于 2025-3-22 02:09:20
Longitudinal Studies 1: Determination of Riskontrolled trials. In many cases they may be performed using existing data and are often cost-effective ways of addressing important questions. The major disadvantage of observational studies is the potential for bias. The absence of randomization means that one can never be certain that unknown conf
Oligarchy
发表于 2025-3-22 06:01:47
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Debate
发表于 2025-3-22 09:34:52
Longitudinal Studies 3: Data Modeling Using Standard Regression Models and Extensionse. Traditional regression techniques are used to model outcome data when each epidemiological unit is observed once. These models include generalized linear models for quantitative continuous, discrete, or qualitative outcome responses, and models for time-to-event data. When data come from the same
命令变成大炮
发表于 2025-3-22 16:15:34
Longitudinal Studies 4: Matching Strategies to Evaluate Riskships. In case–control studies, matching can be used to generate subsamples of case and control units that are similar with respect to one or more confounders. In cohort studies, matching can balance confounder(s) so that they are the same in exposed and unexposed groups. Matching methods have been
命令变成大炮
发表于 2025-3-22 19:18:47
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直觉好
发表于 2025-3-22 23:43:44
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jovial
发表于 2025-3-23 03:39:39
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有限
发表于 2025-3-23 08:53:40
Randomized Controlled Trials 3: Measurement and Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcomesieth century. Patient-reported outcomes comprise functional and health status, health-related quality of life, and quality of life. The terms overlap and are used inconsistently, and these reports of experience should be distinguished from expressions of preference regarding health states. Regulator